La différence sexuelle chez les Grecs: Depuis le conflit tragique jusqu'à l'harmonie platonique

ABSTRACT: I want to look at dickens severalize ways of seeing the relation between the sexes within antediluvian patriarch Hellenic thought by dividing Greek thought into two main usances: the Platonic tradition from Parmenides through Plato to Aristotle, and what one aptitude call the tragic tradition including thinkers such as Anaximander, Heraclitus, and Empedocles. The Platonic tradition is characterized by hierarchical intellection in which the norm is unity, accord and self-sufficiency. In Plato, this turns out to be the norm also for clement existence, with the result that there is no room in his doctrine for thinking of sexual battle and sexual reproduction. When, on the other hand, conflicts, discord, and homosexual being vulnerability towards misfortune and death are looked upon as the constitutive elements of life-as with the tragic poets-sexual difference also plays an important part. When human existence is treated as something radically different from divinity, the Greek thinkers-in this paper exemplified by Empedocles and the tragic poets-tend to look upon sexual difference as a constitutive element in human existence. For the philosophers in this tradition, all being is constituted by two oppositional elements which do not form a hierarchy still rather an inimical antagonism. Misogyny is perhaps as inviolable in this tragic tradition as it is in the Platonic-Aristotelian one.



However, even if the condition tradition has at least provided some space for thinking of sexual difference, it has not been very influential in western, European thought.

Introduction

Cest chose bien connu que la misogynie propre à notre tradition philosophique est originaire de la Grèce ancienne. Le mépris des femmes se fait sentir pas seulement dans une grande partie de la littérature et de la philosophie des Grecs: la même attitude hostile à légard des femmes pénètre également les institutions politiques et sociales. Dès lors, la plupart partageraient lavis...

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